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UPPER
LAND

THICK
SAVANNAH
The
vegetation of the thick savannah grows to a height of 6 to 12
meters, with a density that allows sunlight to reach the soil.
Plants typical to this ecosystem include (using local and Latin
names):
Aroeira - Myracrodruon urundeuva, Timbó
- Magonia pubescens, Gonçalo - Astronium
fraxinifolium, Carvão - Callisthene fasciculata,
Ipê-de-folha-larga - Tabebuia impetiginosa,
Cipó-tripa-de-galinha - Bauhinia glabra.

SEMI-DECIDUOUS
FORESTS
The semi-deciduous forest holds many large-diameter trees that
reach 18 meters in height, creating a denser and shadier
habitat than the savannah.
The
typical plants found in these forests include:
Acuri
- Scheelea phalerata (basic food for Hyacinth macaws ),
Figueiras - Ficus spp, Manduvi - Sterculia
striata, Mulateira - Albizia niopioides,
Jatobá-mirim - Hymenaea courbaril, Olho-de-pomba
- Diospyros obovota, Seputá - Salacia
elliptica.

DECIDUOUS
FORESTS
Deciduous
forests, reaching about 20 meters in height, are less dense than
semi-deciduous forest.
Typical
plants to them are:
Carrapicho - Pisonia zapallo, Taiúva
- Maclura tinctoria, Marmelada-de-cachorro - Alibertia
sessilis, Cacto - Cereus peruvianus, Pitomba
- Talisia esculenta, Castelo - Calycophyllum
multiflorum e bromélias epífitas.
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FLOODABLE
FOREST

The
height of the floodable forest varies, as does the composition
of its vegetation, depending upon soil type and floodconditions.
It height ranges from 6 to 12 meters. Tree diameter is smaller
than in the dry forest, but this forest is denser, with well-developed
undergrowth, which sometimes prevents light from reaching the
soil.
In clayish soil we find:
Cambará - Vochysia divergens, Roncador - Mouriri
guianensis, Bacupari - Rheedia Braziliensis,
Caneleira - Ocotea suaveolens, Canafístula
- Cassia grandis, Leiteiro-de-tucano - Brosimum
lactescens, Jenipapo - Genipa americana,
Pau-dóleo - Copaifera langsdorfii, Urumbamba
- Desmoncus sp.
In
sandy soil: Guanandi - Calophyllum Braziliense,
Pombeiro-preto - Combretum laxum, Cipó-de-quina
- Gouania latifolia, Cachuá-vermelho - Trichilia
catigua, Ingá - Inga urugüensis
Pimenteira - Licania parvifolia (preferential substract
for orchids.
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FLOODABLE
SAVANNAH

Floodable savannas are characterized by open grasslands, where
such tall grasses as Rabo-de-lobo - Andropogon sp,
reside, as do the following plants:
Orquídea
- Stenorrhynchus sp, Arixicum - Annona dioica,
Goiaba-araçá - Psidium guineense,
Ata-do-campo - Annona cornifolia.
This
habitat also includes small elevations, with trees as:
Cumbaru
- Dipteryx alata, Lôro-preto - Cordia
glabrata, Paratudo - Tabebuia aurea, Jatobá-de-cerrado
- Hymenaea stigonocarpa, Olho-de-boi - Diospyros
hispida, Lixeira - Curatella americana,
Canjiqueira - Byrsonima spp.
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FLOODABLE
FIELDS

Seasonably
flooded fields are carpeted with the native grasses typical
of southern (pampas and chaco) and northern (Amazon) South America,
with species pertaining to Axonopus e Paspalum genera, among
others.
Also present are such herbaceous plants as:
Tucum
- Bactris glaucescens, Algodoeiro - Ipomoea
fistulosa, Erva espichadeira - Solanum glaucophyllum.
Among
the sparse arboreal Plants we find::
Piúva-de-folha-miúda - Tabebuia heptaphylla,
Morcegueiro - Andira inermis.
Na fase de enchente, desenvolvem vegetação aquática
como: Erva-vermelha - Ludwigia sp, Aguapés
- Eichornia spp.
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SWAMPS

Flooded
landscapes, the swamps have a varied composition that reaches
heights between 50 centimeters and 2 meters.
Among
the species found are:
Aguapés - Eichornia spp,
Piri - Cyperus giganteus,
Caeté - Thalia geniculata, Golfo - Limnocharis
flava, Nenúfar - Nymphaea sp.
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